In some cases ethnicity and nationalism were harnessed to wars between great religious empires (for example, the Muslim Turks and the Catholic Austro-Hungarians). In most cases ethno-national conflict seems to owe to conflict over land and strategic resources. Many conflate recent forms of racism with earlier forms of ethnic and national conflict.
Racism has also been used to justify exploitation, even using pseudo-science:ĭebates over the origins of racism often suffer from a lack of clarity over the term. (Many of these conflicts have had trade, resources and commercial rivalry at their core, but national identities have often added fuel to some of these conflicts.) In recent years, one of those forms of abuses has been in the area of race, often growing with changing economic circumstances and increased immigration to the region.įrom the institutionalized racism especially in colonial times, when racial beliefs - even eugenics - were not considered something wrong, to recent times where the effects of neo-Nazism is still felt, Europe is a complex area with many cultures in a relatively small area of land that has seen many conflicts throughout history. But the human rights watchdog also adds that as well as guarding a proud reputation as a beacon of human rights, it is sadly still the case, however, that the reality of protection from human rights abuses for many of those within its borders falls short of the rhetoric. The Lure of Adolph Hitler and neo-NazismĮurope has a regional human rights architecture which is unrivaled elsewhere in the world, Amnesty International notes in their 2010 report on the Europe and Central Asia region.Race: Are We So Different, Understanding Race, American Anthropological Association (AAA), July 8, 2009
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